Reverse Proxy עם nginx וDelphi: ניהול מסודר של Forwarded, כתובת IP מקורית של הלקוח ובסיסי URL חסינים

# (nginx-Konfiguration, kein Delphi)
server {
  listen 443 ssl http2;
  server_name api.example.com;

  # ssl_certificate ...; ssl_certificate_key ...;

  location / {
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Host              $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP         $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

    # optional, aber praktisch für absolute URLs
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host  $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port  $server_port;

    # WebSockets / Upgrade
    proxy_set_header Upgrade           $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection        $connection_upgrade;

    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;

    # Timeouts passend zu Delphi-Backend (lange Reports/Exports)
    proxy_connect_timeout 5s;
    proxy_send_timeout    60s;
    proxy_read_timeout    60s;

    # große Uploads explizit steuern
    client_max_body_size 50m;
  }
}

unit Net-Base.ProxyForwarding;

interface

uses
  System.SysUtils, System.Classes, System.Generics.Collections, System.NetEncoding;

type
  // ממשק מתאם מינימלי: מימשו אותו עבור WebBroker/Horse/וכו'.
  IHeaderReader = interface
    ['{C2D2E5B9-2C2E-4D37-9D73-3CDB5A7E7EEA}']
    function GetHeaderValue(const AName: string): string;
    function GetRemoteIP: string; // נקודת קצה TCP ישירה (בדרך כלל nginx)
  end;

  TForwardedInfo = record
    ClientIP: string;
    Proto: string; // http/https
    Host: string;
    Port: Integer;
    function EffectiveScheme: string;
    function EffectiveHostPort: string;
    function BaseUrl: string; // לדוגמה: https://api.example.com
  end;

  TTrustedProxyList = class
  private
    FSet: TDictionary;
    class function NormalizeIp(const AIP: string): string; static;
  public
    constructor Create;
    destructor Destroy; override;
    procedure Add(const AIP: string);
    function Contains(const AIP: string): Boolean;
  end;

function ResolveForwardedInfo(const Req: IHeaderReader; const TrustedProxies: TTrustedProxyList): TForwardedInfo;

implementation

function StripBrackets(const S: string): string;
begin
  Result := S.Trim;
  if (Result.StartsWith('[')) and (Result.EndsWith(']')) then
    Result := Result.Substring(1, Result.Length - 2);
end;

function RemoveQuotes(const S: string): string;
var
  T: string;
begin
  T := S.Trim;
  if (T.Length >= 2) and (((T[1] = '"') and (T[T.Length] = '"')) or ((T[1] = '''') and (T[T.Length] = ''''))) then
    Result := T.Substring(1, T.Length - 2)
  else
    Result := T;
end;

function FirstCsvToken(const S: string): string;
var
  P: Integer;
begin
  // X-Forwarded-For יכול להיות "client, proxy1, proxy2"
  P := S.IndexOf(',');
  if P >= 0 then
    Result := S.Substring(0, P).Trim
  else
    Result := S.Trim;
end;

procedure SplitHostPort(const HostPort: string; out Host: string; out Port: Integer);
var
  S: string;
  P: Integer;
begin
  Host := '';
  Port := 0;
  S := HostPort.Trim;

  // IPv6 in []: [2001:db8::1]:443
  if S.StartsWith('[') then
  begin
    P := S.IndexOf(']');
    if P >= 0 then
    begin
      Host := StripBrackets(S.Substring(0, P + 1));
      if (P + 1 < S.Length) and (S[P + 2] = ':') then
        Port := StrToIntDef(S.Substring(P + 2), 0);
      Exit;
    end;
  end;

  // IPv4/Host: host:port (שימו לב: ב-IPv6 חשוף ללא [] לא מהימן)
  P := S.LastIndexOf(':');
  if (P > 0) and (S.IndexOf(':') = P) then
  begin
    Host := S.Substring(0, P);
    Port := StrToIntDef(S.Substring(P + 1), 0);
  end
  else
    Host := S;
end;

function ParseForwardedHeader(const ForwardedValue: string; out ClientIP, Proto, Host: string): Boolean;
var
  // דוגמה: Forwarded: for=203.0.113.43;proto=https;host=api.example.com
  Parts: TArray<string>;
  I: Integer;
  KV: TArray<string>;
  K, V: string;
  FirstElement: string;
begin
  Result := False;
  ClientIP := '';
  Proto := '';
  Host := '';

  if ForwardedValue.Trim = '' then
    Exit;

  // מספר רכיבים מופרדים בפסיק; ניקח את הראשון (הקרוב ביותר ללקוח)
  FirstElement := FirstCsvToken(ForwardedValue);
  Parts := FirstElement.Split([';']);
  for I := 0 to High(Parts) do
  begin
    KV := Parts[I].Split(['='], 2);
    if Length(KV) <> 2 then
      Continue;
    K := KV[0].Trim.ToLower;
    V := RemoveQuotes(KV[1]);

    if K = 'for' then
    begin
      // for יכול להיות כתובת IP או "unknown"; IPv6 עשוי להיות בסוגריים מרובעים []
      V := V.Trim;
      if SameText(V, 'unknown') then
        Continue;
      // for=1.2.3.4:5678 יכול להופיע
      if V.Contains(':') and (not V.StartsWith('[')) then
        V := FirstCsvToken(V); // defensiv
      ClientIP := StripBrackets(V.Split([':'])[0]);
    end
    else if K = 'proto' then
      Proto := V.Trim.ToLower
    else if K = 'host' then
      Host := V.Trim;
  end;

  Result := (ClientIP <> '') or (Proto <> '') or (Host <> '');
end;

{ TForwardedInfo }

function TForwardedInfo.EffectiveScheme: string;
begin
  if Proto <> '' then
    Exit(Proto);
  Result := 'http';
end;

function TForwardedInfo.EffectiveHostPort: string;
begin
  if Host = '' then
    Exit('');

  if (Port > 0) and not ((EffectiveScheme = 'https') and (Port = 443)) and not ((EffectiveScheme = 'http') and (Port = 80)) then
    Result := Host + ':' + Port.ToString
  else
    Result := Host;
end;

function TForwardedInfo.BaseUrl: string;
var
  HP: string;
begin
  HP := EffectiveHostPort;
  if HP = '' then
    Exit('');
  Result := EffectiveScheme + '://' + HP;
end;

{ TTrustedProxyList }

constructor TTrustedProxyList.Create;
begin
  inherited Create;
  FSet := TDictionary<string, Boolean>.Create;
end;

destructor TTrustedProxyList.Destroy;
begin
  FSet.Free;
  inherited;
end;

class function TTrustedProxyList.NormalizeIp(const AIP: string): string;
begin
  // לנרמול IPv6 אמיתי דרוש ניתוח IP; כאן נוקטים בגישה פרגמטית.
  Result := AIP.Trim;
  Result := StripBrackets(Result);
end;

procedure TTrustedProxyList.Add(const AIP: string);
begin
  FSet.AddOrSetValue(NormalizeIp(AIP), True);
end;

function TTrustedProxyList.Contains(const AIP: string): Boolean;
begin
  Result := FSet.ContainsKey(NormalizeIp(AIP));
end;

function ResolveForwardedInfo(const Req: IHeaderReader; const TrustedProxies: TTrustedProxyList): TForwardedInfo;
var
  RemoteIP: string;
  Fwd, XFF, XProto, XHost, XPort: string;
  ClientIP, Proto, Host: string;
  Port: Integer;
begin
  Result := Default(TForwardedInfo);

  RemoteIP := Req.GetRemoteIP;
  Result.ClientIP := RemoteIP; // גיבוי: נקודת קצה ישירה

  // רק אם נקודת הקצה הישירה היא פרוקסי מוכר, ננתח את כותרות Forwarded.
  if (TrustedProxies <> nil) and TrustedProxies.Contains(RemoteIP) then
  begin
    Fwd := Req.GetHeaderValue('Forwarded');
    if ParseForwardedHeader(Fwd, ClientIP, Proto, Host) then
    begin
      if ClientIP <> '' then Result.ClientIP := ClientIP;
      if Proto <> '' then Result.Proto := Proto;
      if Host <> '' then
      begin
        SplitHostPort(Host, Result.Host, Result.Port);
      end;
    end;

    // X-Forwarded-* כגיבוי/תוספת
    XFF := Req.GetHeaderValue('X-Forwarded-For');
    if (Result.ClientIP = RemoteIP) and (XFF.Trim <> '') then
      Result.ClientIP := StripBrackets(FirstCsvToken(XFF));

    XProto := Req.GetHeaderValue('X-Forwarded-Proto');
    if (Result.Proto = '') and (XProto.Trim <> '') then
      Result.Proto := FirstCsvToken(XProto).ToLower;

    XHost := Req.GetHeaderValue('X-Forwarded-Host');
    if (Result.Host = '') and (XHost.Trim <> '') then
      Result.Host := FirstCsvToken(XHost);

    XPort := Req.GetHeaderValue('X-Forwarded-Port');
    Port := StrToIntDef(FirstCsvToken(XPort), 0);
    if (Result.Port = 0) and (Port > 0) then
      Result.Port := Port;
  end;

  // במקרה הצורך קרא את Host מתוך כותרת "Host" (אם אין כותרות פרוקסי)
  if Result.Host = '' then
  begin
    Host := Req.GetHeaderValue('Host');
    if Host <> '' then
      SplitHostPort(Host, Result.Host, Result.Port);
  end;
end;

end.